Photography: Depth of Field

Depth of Field is the area of clear vision of the camera. Depth of field is defined as the distance between the nearest and the farthest objects that are in acceptably sharp focus in an image. So, basically it's that which is in focus.

Depth of Field

Study the PDF below

(to be used for educational purposes only)

Depth of Field/Focus PDF

There are basically two kinds of depths of field.

1. Deep or broad depth of Field

2. Shallow or narrow depth of field

We can divide the visual field of a camera into three with reference to distance, namely, foreground, middle ground and background.

When all the three grounds are clearly visible it is called deep/broad depth of field. When only one, or not all the grounds, among the three grounds is clearly visible it is called shallow/narrow depth of field.

Deep Depth of Field

Documentary photographs and news journalistic photographs are mostly taken with deep depth of field. The truth telling capacity of such images are greater. Shallow depth of field, on the other hand, brings simplicity and greater aesthetic appeal to the images.

Shallow Depth of Field

Two factors contribute to creating depth of field,

1. Focal length of the lens

2. Aperture

With higher focal length its relatively easier to achieve shallower depth of field.

Large aperture (smaller aperture number) creates shallow depth of filed.

Focusing

Lens has to be at a comfortable distance from the subject of shoot for it to begin to see the subject with clarity. This is called Minimum Focus Distance (MFD), or Macro (not to be confused with macro photography).

Camera’s Focus works on two modes.

Auto Mode: The camera focuses on the subject automatically.

Manual Mode: Focus is achieved by manipulating the focus ring on the lens.

There are two other factors that help in focusing

Autofocus Modes: When on Manual Focus, the photographer controls the focus. Autofocus Modes help in more targeted focusing while on Auto Focus.

Autofocus Points: When on Manual Focus, the photographer controls the focus. So Autofocus points are irrelevant.Autofocus points help in specifying which area on the screen to be focused.

Comments

Visual Analysis: SEMIOTICS

Visual analysis is a systematic and scientific approach to examining visual materials that goes far beyond casual observation. In our visually saturated world, images have become a inescapable universal language that shapes our perceptions, attitudes, and experiences. From the artworks adorning gallery walls to the advertisements lining city streets, visuals communicate narratives, evoke emotions, and reflect sociocultural ideologies. However, the process of seeing and interpreting visuals is not as spontaneous or natural as we often assume. As John Berger notably stated, "seeing is an active decision," suggesting that the process of interpreting visuals is neither spontaneous nor natural, but rather requires conscious effort and critical thinking. The way we perceive and interpret visual content is heavily influenced by habits, conventions, and our individual perspectives. Serious visual analyses requires conscious effort and critical analysis to unravel the laye...

The Brown Sisters: A Four-Decade Portrait of Time and Sisterhood

Nicholas Nixon's "The Brown Sisters" stands as one of photography's most compelling longitudinal portrait studies, documenting four decades of sisterhood through annual black-and-white photographs taken from 1975 to 2014. Using an 8×10 inch view camera, Nixon captured his wife Bebe and her three sisters—Heather, Mimi, and Laurie Brown—in the same order each year, creating a remarkable visual meditation on time, aging, and familial bonds. For the full set of images see the PDF below (for academic use only) Forty Portraits in Forty Years PDF What began as a spontaneous family photograph in 1975 evolved into a profound artistic documentation of human transformation. The project's strength lies in its methodological consistency: the sisters maintain their positions, with the sequence remaining unchanged throughout the series. This rigid framework paradoxically highlights the subtle changes that occur year by year, creating a powerful commentary on the passage of time...

Mass Media: Platforms and Content

Mass Media today is interplay between technological infrastructure and creative expressions. Mass media, defined as channels of communication designed to reach large audiences, has undergone profound transformation in recent decades. What began as predominantly print-based communication has expanded into a multifaceted ecosystem encompassing visual, audio, and interactive modes of engagement. This essay explores the dialectical relationship between media platforms and content, arguing that the two elements exist in dynamic tension—with platforms shaping content possibilities while content innovations drive platform evolution. As Marshall McLuhan famously observed, "the medium is the message," suggesting that the vehicle of communication fundamentally alters how we perceive and process information. This principle remains relevant as we navigate an increasingly fragmented media landscape characterised by both institutional and user-generated content. The Architecture of Mass M...

A Critical Visual Analysis of Jan Banning's ‘Bureaucratics’

Jan Banning's photographic series Bureaucratics offers a remarkable anthropological study of civil servants across eight countries, revealing how power, hierarchy, and cultural identity manifest in governmental spaces. Through meticulously composed photographs taken from a citizen's perspective, Banning unveils the theatre of bureaucracy the most immediate visual impact comes from Banning's consistent methodology: each photograph is taken from the same height and distance, positioning the viewer in the role of a citizen approaching the bureaucrat's desk. The bureaucrats are photographed in their natural habitat – their offices – which become stages where power dynamics and cultural values are performed daily. Make visual analysis of Bureaucratics by Jan Banning given below. Bureaucratics by Jan Banning PDF (for academic use only) In examining the spatial arrangements, a clear pattern emerges: the desk serves as both barrier and symbol of authority. In many image...

'The Problem We All Live With'—A Little Girl's Giant Steps

Sometimes the most powerful revolutions begin with the smallest steps. In 1960, a six-year-old girl named Ruby Bridges took such steps—walking through a screaming mob to attend her first day of school. Her courage was so profound that it moved a nation and inspired one of America's greatest artists to capture her story in a painting that would hang in the White House decades later. Ruby Bridges was born on September 8, 1954—the same year the Supreme Court declared school segregation unconstitutional. Yet six years later, when a federal judge ordered New Orleans schools to integrate, Ruby found herself walking alone into history. She was one of only six Black children who passed the tests to attend the previously all-white William Frantz Elementary School. While other families chose different paths, Ruby's mother made a decision that would echo through generations: "This is important—not just for Ruby, but for all the children who will come after her." On November 14,...

In Pursuit Of Creativity and Becoming One’s Best Version

A study by Way Walker conducted across painters, poets, musicians, and filmmakers—spanning many outstanding artistic creations and pursuits, domains, genres, and movements—reveal five key discoveries. 1. Don't Go Wide but Go Deep Don't try hard to create something that everyone will like, though that sounds reasonable. The greatest creators did not go wide; they went deeper. They created art for one person, one group, or a younger or future emotional avatar of themselves. It is made for one feeling, one version of self that needed the message the most. The goal of art need not be to make something universal or make something big. Van Gogh did not paint for the world; he painted for his brother. Maya Angelou wrote poetry to address her wounded self. This is the paradox: the more personal it is, the more universal it becomes. You start trying to impress everyone, you end up impressing no one. Go out and touch one person deeply, and you will end up moving thousands. Once you know...

Visual Culture

Visual culture is a multifaceted field that examines the pervasive role of visuals in shaping human understanding, beliefs, and behaviours. It posits that visuals are not merely reflections of reality but rather "constructed realities" that actively influence our perception of the world. At its heart, visual culture positions visuals as the reference and data for knowledge, beliefs, thinking, creations, behaviour, etc.; which in turn further shapes current beliefs, thinking, creations, behaviour, etc. Visuals are images/collection of images that are made to be seen. Framed (made) and put out. This highlights that visuals are not spontaneous occurrences but deliberate constructions, detached from the place and time in which it first made its appearance, says, John Berger. Examples like the contrasting Newsweek and TIME magazine covers of O.J. Simpson illustrate how different framings of the same event can convey distinct messages and narratives, underscoring the idea that w...

photo.graph.art.design

Search This Blog